Hemorragia como forma de presentación de un adenoma hepático gigante / Hemorrhaging as a presentation form of giant hepatic adenoma

Se describe el caso de un adenoma hepático de gran tamaño que debutó con hemorragia, dolor abdominal y fiebre de varios días de evolución. Se enumeran algunas entidades que puedan estar asociadas al adenoma hepático. Se enfatiza en las pruebas de imagen como métodos para un diagnóstico correcto, que debe confirmarse con el estudio anatomopatológico (AU)

We describe the case of a teenager with a large hepatic adenoma who presented with bleeding, abdominal pain and fever for some days. Some entities may be associated with hepatic adenoma. Emphasis is placed on imaging test as methods for a correct diagnosis, which must be confirmed by pathological study (AU)

[Immunohistochemical markers of cell proliferation in laryngeal carcinoma]. / Marcadores inmunohistoquímicos de proliferación celular en el carcinoma de laringe.

Although several clinicopathological factors may contribute to the prognosis of laryngeal carcinoma, these factors are still uncertain because the carcinogenesis process and malignant behavior are not well known. Immunohistochemical methods using two important markers, PCNA and Ki67 antigen, were used to assess proliferative activity in malignant laryngeal lesions. We studied the correlation between expression of these markers and clinical factors in 72 patients with carcinoma of the larynx: age, sex, occupation, smoking, alcohol consumption, marital status, etc. We also analyzed other known biological and histopathological prognostic factors (tumor stage, histological grade, lymph node metastases, and local invasion). PCNA and Ki-67 expression differed significantly in relation to histological grade and lymph node involvement. No associations were seen between the expression of PCNA and Ki-67 antigens and other study parameters.

[Study of bcl-2 oncogene in squamous-cell carcinoma of the larynx]. / Estudio del oncogén Bcl-2 en el carcinoma escamoso de laringe.

Apoptosis is a special type of programmed cell death that occurs in the embryonic period, in normal adult tissues, and in several pathological situations. The Bcl-2 gene (B-cell leukemia/lymphoma) is the first member of an oncogene family whose main function is to increase cell survival and inhibit apoptosis, thus participating in the carcinogenic process. This relationship motivated our study of antiapoptosis through the immunohistochemical expression of Bcl-2 oncogene in 72 patients with cancer of the larynx who underwent surgery in our department. The correlation between immunohistochemical expression and clinical factors was analyzed: age, sex, work, smoking and drinking history, marital status, etc., as well as other known biological and histopathological prognostic factors (tumoral stage, histological grade, neck metastases, and local invasion). Bcl-2 expression showed a statistically significant correlation with histological grade and regional lymph node involvement, but no correlation with the other parameters studied.

[Immunohistochemical expression of P53 suppressor genes and retinoblastoma in laryngeal carcinoma]. / Expresión inmunohistoquímica de genes supresores p53 y retinoblastoma en el carcinoma de laringe.

Carcinoma of the larynx is responsible for 1% of all tumors and for 25% of oncologic disease of the head and neck. Tumor suppressor genes control cell proliferation by suppressing specific mechanisms that stimulate the proliferative response. Rb and p53, both nuclear, are the most studied tumor suppressor genes. We evaluated the immunoexpression of these markers in 72 carcinomas of the larynx and correlated it with patients' clinical parameters: age, sex, occupation, tobacco and alcohol use, marital status, etc. Biological and anatomopathological parameters (tumor stage, histological type, degree of local invasion, and lymph node metastases) also were studied. Statistically significant differences were found in mean immunostaining for the Rb gene with respect to histological grade, lymph node enlargement, and smoking. We observed no positive correlation between p53 and the classic clinical-pathological parameters, although important trends were evident, as well as relatively frequent immunostaining (about 40%) of the total neoplastic population.

[Importance of portal hypertension in the release of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA): experimental study in the rat]. / Importancia de la hipertensión portal en la liberación de activador tisular del plasminógeno (t-PA): estudio experimental en la rata.

Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) activity was studied in three different experimental models of male Wistar rats; hepatic lesion without portal hypertension, portal hypertension without hepatic lesion and portal hypertension plus function liver suppression by ligation of both portal vein and hepatic artery. t-PA activity was higher in animals with portal hypertension alone than in animals with only hepatic lesion (146%). Maximal values were present in animals with functional liver suppression (1.774% vs. controls, 248% vs. hepatic lesion and 169% vs. portal hypertension only). These results suggest that both reduced hepatic t-PA clearance and portal hypertension could be involved in the increased t-PA activity normally appearing in chronic liver disease.

[Malignant proliferative tricholemmal tumor: a clinical, morphologic and ultrastructural study]. / Tumor triquilemal proliferante maligno: estudio clínico, morfológico y ultraestructural.

The clinical, morphological and ultrastructural features of malignant proliferating Tricholemmal Tumor with neoplastic angioinvasion, and its histogenetic changes are discussed. We concluded that it is a tumour derived from non-keratogenous lower external tricholemmal sheath cells. We prefer the denomination of Malignant Proliferating Tricholemmal Tumour, instead of Malignant Proliferating Tricholemmal Cyst because, in our case, there was an important proportion of solid tumoral component beside the numerous cysts.